Use cardinal directions (north, south, east, west) to describe the relative locations of significant places in the immediate environment.

Use thematic maps to identify and describe the physical and human characteristics of Michigan.

Use a world map to describe North America in relation to the equator and other continents and oceans, and Michigan [...]

Use a variety of visual materials and data sources to describe ways in which Michigan can be divided into regions.

Describe different regions to which Michigan belongs.

Describe major kinds of economic activity in Michigan today, such as agriculture, forestry, manufacturing, services and tourism, and research and [...]

Describe diverse groups that have migrated into a region of Michigan and reasons why they came (push/pull factors).

Suggest ways in which people can responsibly interact with the environment in the local community.

Describe positive and negative consequences of changing the physical environment of the local community.

Explain why people form governments.

Distinguish between government action and private action.

Explain how local governments balance individual rights with the common good to solve local community problems.

Describe how the Pledge of Allegiance reflects the Democratic Value of patriotism.

Give examples of how local governments make, enforce, and interpret laws (ordinances) in the local community.

Use examples to describe how local government affects the lives of people in a community.

Identify services commonly provided by local governments.

Identify ways in which people participate in community decisions.

Distinguish between personal and civic responsibilities and explain why they are important in community life.

Design and participate in community improvement projects that help or inform others.

Identify the opportunity cost involved in a consumer decision.

Describe how businesses in the local community meet economic wants of consumers.

Describe the natural, human, and capital resources needed for production of a good or service in the community.

Use examples to show that people cannot produce everything they want (specialization) and depend on trade with others to meet [...]

Utilize a decision-making process to analyze the benefits and costs of a personal decision.

Identify public issues in the local community that influence people’s daily lives.

Use graphic data and other sources to analyze information about a public issue in the local community and evaluate alternative [...]

Give examples of how conflicts over Democratic Values lead people to differ on resolutions to a public policy issue in [...]

Identify public issues in the school community.

Use graphic data to analyze information about a public issue in the school community.

Identify alternative resolutions to a public issue in the school community.

Express a position on a public policy issue in the school community and justify the position with a reasoned argument.

Develop and implement an action plan to address or inform others about a school issue.

Participate in projects to help or inform others.

Demonstrate chronological thinking by distinguishing among years and decades using a timeline of local community events.

Examine different perspectives of the same event in a community and explain how and why they are different.

Explain how individuals and groups have made significant historical changes.

Describe changes in the local community over time.

Describe how community members responded to a problem in the past.

Construct a historical narrative about the history of the local community from a variety of sources.

Construct maps of the local community that contain symbols, labels, and legends denoting human and physical characteristics of place.

Use maps to describe the spatial organization of the local community by applying concepts including relative location, and using distance, [...]

Use maps to describe the location of the local community within the state of Michigan in relation to other significant [...]

Compare the physical and human characteristics of the local community with those of another community.

Describe how the local community is part of a larger region.

Describe land use in the community.

Describe the means people create for moving people, goods, and ideas within the local community.

Use components of culture to describe diversity in the local community.

Construct simple maps of the classroom to demonstrate aerial perspective.

Describe places using absolute location or relative location.

Distinguish between landmasses and bodies of water using maps and globes.